专升本常考的中译英常考的语法

专升本常考的中译英常考的语法1

1. 太、、、而不能  too…to       否定词+ too…to再怎么样也不为过

主语+cannot+ v. +宾语+enough  再、、、也不够（表达肯定）  

主语+cannot+be+too+adj.+ enough  再、、、也不够

例题1.Although he tried hard, the voice from the radio was_____________________(太轻了，听不清).

例题2.He has done so much for the poor in his community that _____________________________ (再怎么赞扬他都不过分).

例题3.There is no denying that you __________________(越仔细越好) in dealing with this matter.

2. The+比较级…，the+比较级…    越、、、就越、、、

例题4. ______________________________ (这个建议被考虑得越仔细)，the worse it appears.

3. “Hardly/Scarcely…when或No sooner…than” 一、、、就、、、(句子部分倒装),引导从句，一般从句用现在时，主句用现在完成时；一般从句用过去时，主句用过去完成时

例题5. ______________________________ (我一回家)when it started to rain heavily.

4.  If 引导的条件状语从句的虚拟语气用法（参考语法书虚拟语气一章，尤其注意混合虚拟语气）

be busy doing忙于做某事

例题6. _____________________________(要不是她昨天忙于工作),she would have come to see you.

例题7.If you had followed my advice, ______________________________ (你现在就会好多了).

例题8.If you_________________________(听从了我的忠告，你现在就不会陷入麻烦).

例题9.If I hadn’t told you the truth, ______________________________ (你可能被骗了).

5. 虚拟语气：But for 要不是（参考语法书虚拟语气章节）

例题10.But for your help, _____________________________ (我不可能准时做好家庭作业的).

6. 虚拟语气：otherwise，or 否则等

例题11. I got stuck in the heavy traffic,                               (否则我会更早到).

7. 虚拟语气：if only 要是、、、就好了（参考语法书虚拟语气章节）

例题12.___________________________________(要是我们没有犯错误多好)！We would be in a different position today.

8. 虚拟语气would rather（宁愿，但愿）（参考语法书虚拟语气章节）

would rather+主语+一般过去时（表示与现在或将来相反）

would rather+主语+过去完成时（表示与过去相反）

例题13.Don’t come tomorrow. I’d rather ______________________________ (你下周末来).

9. “as if/though 好像，似乎”引导的状语从句，若从句引导的状语从句，若从句与事实相反，则要用虚拟语气。

例题14.He ______________________________ (法语讲得像法国人一样好).

10. 虚拟语气“it’s (high/about)time + that从句的谓语动词用‘过去式’”，表示“差不多、早该是、、、的时候了”其中that可以省略（参考语法书虚拟语气章节）

make up one’s mind/decision  拿定主意/下定决心

例题15.I think it’s high time that ______________________________ (她该拿定主意了).

例题16.I think it’s high time we _____________________________ (把注意力转移到酒醉驾驶的危险上来) now.

11. 虚拟语气：在表示“愿望，建议，命令”等动词引导的宾语从句中谓语动词须用“should+动词原形”，其中should可以省略（参考语法书虚拟语气章节）

在“It is/was +表示’建议，命令’等动词的过去分词+主语从句” 谓语动词须用“should+动词原形”，其中should可以省略（参考语法书虚拟语气章节）

例题17.They requested that _____________________________(我借的书还回图书馆)by next Friday.

例题18.It is suggested that the air conditioner______________________________ (要安装在窗户旁).

12. lest, in case, for fear that引导目的状语从句中，谓语动词多用“should+动词原形”，其中should可以省略（虚拟语气）。

例题19.While crossing the mountain area, all the men carried guns lest they _____________________________ (被野兽袭击).

13. 否定词语放在句首时，句子应部分倒装

例题20.Never ______________________________（我以前从没见过任何人）who has the skill John has when it comes to repairing cars.

14. not…until直到、、、才

It is/was …that/who…(强调句型)（其中that/who不能省略）

例句：The doctor didn’t leave until the patient woke up.

Not until放句首（部分倒装）

例句：Not until the patient woke up did the doctor leave.

It is/was not until…that/who…(强调句型加not until)

例句：It was not until the patient woke up that the doctor left.

例题21. ______________________________ (正是因为下雨了) we changed our plan.

例题22.The anti-virus agent was not known ______________________________(直到一名医生偶然发现了它).

例题23.Not until the child fell asleep ______________________________ (母亲才离开了房间).

例题24.___________________________(直到他们完成使命) did he realize that he was seriously ill.

例题25.It_______________________(直到失去健康)people know the important of health.

15. 当not only、、、but also位于句首，not only后的句子通常部分倒装。

例题26. Not only                ,(她不仅是个老师)but also                ,(她而且是个诗人)          

16.  Only +状语或状语从句放句首，句子要部分倒装（参考语法书倒装结构章节）

例题27.Only in this way ______________________________ (我们才能取得好成绩).

例题28.Only when he feels good about himself ______________________________(他才能写出诗来).

17.  so/such…that结构中的so或such位于句首可以构成部分倒装

例题29.So                                    (价格如此不合理) that everybody startled.

例题30. Such                         (他制造的噪音) his father scolded him seriously.

18. as/though引导让步状语从句时，一般须用部分倒装

例题31.Much ________________(尽管他非常喜欢她)，he does not get annoyed with her sometimes.

19. 非谓语结构结合时态及语态（参考语法书）

例题32. ______________________________ (在被告知这个消息后), Alice sat down again to wait.

例题33. ______________________________(走在大街上), we found a purse lying on the ground.

例题34._______________________(房子建在小山顶上),the house commands a magnificent view of the valley.

例题35.The new type of machine has been put in service,__________________________(让我们年底完成工程成为可能).

20. “much of a+名词” 的比较级“more of a…than”   颇有、、、的气质

例题36. ______________________________ (她更像个音乐家)than her brother.

21. “形容词+of +代词/名词”It’s +adj. +of sb. to do sth.  来表示不定式的逻辑主语，这时整句的谓语描述的对象是人，描述人的品质，这种情况下谓语中常用的形容词有：foolish, generous, nice, kind等(参考it 用法It 做形式主语的几类)

例题37.It is generous ______________________________ (把那么多书本捐给穷人).

22. 情态动词+have done  本该做而没做

例题38.The victim _____________________________ (本来有机会活下来) if he had been taken to hospital in time.

例题39. Now he looks upset. I _____________________________ (本不该告诉他这个坏消息).

例题40.The room is in a terrible mess; it_______________________(肯定没打扫过).

（备注：must只用于肯定句，can/could不用于肯定句，may/might不能用于疑问句中，can’t表示“不可能”相当于“肯定没”/may not 表示可能不）

23. 表示到目前为止多少次或第几次干某事的时候，从句用完成时

24. hear/find/watch/see  sb./sth.  do（强调全过程）/doing（强调动作）/done(被动)  sth.

例题41.This is the first time I _____________________________ (听到他们用法语交流).

例题42.When he came to alive, he found himself _____________________________ (躺在一个陌生人的房间里).

例题43.With tears on her face, the lady _______________________________(看着她受伤的儿子被送进手术室).

25. Now that+句子     既然

例题44. _____________________________ (既然我的脑子清醒了), my brain was also beginning to work much better.

26. regardless of +n./phrase 不管，不顾   no matter+疑问词+句子

例题45.we should care all the students,________________________________(不管他们的家庭如何).

例题46.                                  (不管他必须做出什么牺牲), he will try his best to finish the task.

27.